Blood, Sweat and Tears - The Changing Concepts of Physiology from Antiquity into Early Modern Europe

Manfred (H.F.J.) Horstmanshoff was Professor of Ancient Medicine at Leiden from 2006-11, having taught Ancient History there since 1976. He is currently a Fellow of the Internationales Kolleg Morphomata, University of Cologne, studying the history of the patient from a comparative perspective. His publications include the co-editorship (with P.J. van der Eijk and P.H Schrijvers) of Ancient Medicine in its Socio-Cultural Context (Amsterdam: Clio Medica, 1995) and editorship of the selected papers of the XIIth Colloquium Hippocraticum as Hippocrates and Medical Education (Leiden: Brill, 2010).
Helen King, formerly Professor of the History of Classical Medicine at the University of Reading, is currently Professor of Classical Studies at The Open University, Milton Keynes. She works on ancient medicine and its reception until the nineteenth century, particularly on gynaecology and midwifery. Her publications include The Disease of Virgins (London: Routledge, 2003) and Midwifery, Obstetrics and the Rise of Gynaecology (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2007).
Claus Zittel teaches philosophy and German literature at the Universities of Frankfort am Main, Berlin (FU) and Olstzyn (Poland) and is the co-leader of the Max-Planck Research group, “The Conscious Image” at the Kunsthistorisches Institut/Max-Planck-Institut Florence. His publications include Theatrum philosophicum,. Descartes und die Rolle ästhetischer Formen in der Wissenschaft (Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 2009) and (with Moritz Epple) Science as Cultural Practice Vol. 1: Cultures and Politics of Research from the Early Modern Period to the Age of Extremes (Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 2010).

Mostly researchers interested in the history of the body, history of ideas, history of medicine and science. Medical practitioners would also find this material interesting.

Preface and Acknowledgements
Notes on the Editors
Notes on the Contributors
List of Illustrations

Introduction
Helen King

PART ONE
HISTORY OF PHYSIOLOGY IN CONTEXT:
CONCEPTS, METAPHORS, ANALOGIES


Physiologia from Galen to Jacob Bording
Vivian Nutton

Physiological Analogies and Metaphors. In Explanations of the Earth and the
Cosmos
Liba Taub

The Reception of the Hippocratic Treatise On Glands
Elizabeth Craik

Between Atoms and Humours. Lucretius’ Didactic Poetry as a Model of
Integrated and Bifocal Physiology
Fabio Tutrone

Losing Ground. The Disappearance of Attraction from the Kidneys 85
Michael R. McVaugh

The Art of the Distillation of ‘Spirits’ as a Technological Model for Human
Physiology. The Cases of Marsilio Ficino, Joseph Duchesne and Francis Bacon
Sergius Kodera

The Body is a Battlefield. Conflict and Control in Seventeenth-Century
Physiology and Political Thought
Sabine Kalff

Herman Boerhaave’s Neurology and the Unchanging Nature of Physiology
Rina Knoeff

The Anatomy and Physiology of Mind. David Hume’s Vitalistic Account
Tamás Demeter

More than a Fading Flame. The Physiology of Old Age between Speculative
Analogy and Experimental Method
Daniel Schäfer

Suffering Bodies, Sensible Artists. Vitalist Medicine and the Visualising of
Corporeal Life in Diderot
Tomas Macsotay

PART TWO
BLOOD

Blood, Clotting and the Four Humours
Hans L. Haak

An Issue of Blood. The Healing of the Woman with the Haemorrhage
(Mark 5.24b-34; Luke 8.42b-48; Matthew 9.19-22) in Early Medieval
Visual Culture
Barbara Baert, Liesbet Kusters and Emma Sidgwick

The Nature of the Soul and the Passage of Blood through the Lungs.
Galen, Ibn al-Nafīs, Servetus, İtaki, ‘Aṭṭār
Rainer Brömer

Sperm and Blood, Form and Food. Late Medieval Medical Notions of Male
and Female in the Embryology of Membra
Karine van ’t Land

The Music of the Pulse in Marsilio Ficino’s Timaeus Commentary
Jacomien Prins

‘For the Life of a Creature is in the Blood’ (Leviticus 17:11). Some
Considerations on Blood as the Source of Life in Sixteenth-Century
Religion and Medicine and their Interconnections
Catrien Santing

White Blood and Red Milk. Analogical Reasoning in Medical Practice
and Experimental Physiology (1560-1730)
Barbara Orland

PART THREE
SWEAT AND SKIN


The “Body without Skin” in the Homeric Poems
Valeria Gavrylenko

Sweat. Learned Concepts and Popular Perceptions, 1500-1800
Michael Stolberg

Of the Fisherman’s Net and Skin Pores. Reframing Conceptions of the Skin
in Medicine 1572-1714
Mieneke M. G. te Hennepe

PART FOUR
TEARS AND SIGHT

Vision and Vision Disorders. Galen’s Physiology of Sight
Véronique Boudon-Millot

Early Modern Medical Thinking on Vision and the Camera Obscura.
V.F. Plempius’ Ophthalmographia
Katrien Vanagt

The Tertium Comparationis of the Elementa Physiologiae. Johann Gottfried
von Herder’s Coception of “Tears’ as Mediators between the Sublime
and the Actual Bodily Physiology
Frank W. Stahnisch

PART FIVE
BODY AND SOUL

From Doubt to Certainty. Aspects of the Conceptualisation and Interpretation
of Galen’s Natural Pneuma
Julius Rocca

Metabolisms of the Soul. The Physiology of Bernardino Telesio in Oliva
Sabuco’s Nueva Filosofía de la Naturaleza del Hombre (1587)
Marlen Bidwell-Steiner

“Full of Rapture”. Maternal Vocality and Melancholy in Webster’s Duchess
of Malfi
Marion A. Wells

The Sleeping Musician. Aristotle’s Vegetative Soul and Ralph
Cudworth’s Plastic Nature
Diana Stanciu

Index Locorum
Index Generalis